featuresIts quite commendable of Perodua to include the safety systems I consider non-negotiables, which are ABS
road surface" according to TeslaTesla has responded by reporting failure of their car’s ABS
headlamps are halogen projector units.Standard vehicleSafety wise, it is equipped with dual airbags, ABS
TBC) and Honda LaneWatch.The Nissan Almera will now also feature 6 airbags, Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC
combined with other technologies.Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD system, for example, is combined with its VDC
Blind Spot Monitor, the LUX A2.0 and SA2.0 comes with the essential safety kit.These include 6 airbags, ABS
, hooked up to a four-speed automatic or a five-speed manual.Safety equipment include twin airbags, ABS
Mirrors Bluetooth NavigationSafety 6 airbags (Driver and Passenger, Front Side, Front and Rear Curtain) ABS
even safer in less-than-ideal conditions.Subaru’s Symmetrical AWD system is combined with its VDC
information to the speedometer and odometer, the wheel speed sensor also relays information for the ABS
improved the safety aspect of the all-new Almera – all variants receive Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC
almost all the boxes for safety technologies.Basic safety equipment of the Ativa include 6 airbags, ABS
been almost 4 years since I had the car and it truly amazed me with the safety feature (braking system-ABS
equipment, including seven airbags, electric suspension control system(ESC), and three-in-one brake system (ABS
ABS stands for anti-lock braking system which as its name suggests, is a system that prevents the wheels
In Thailand, all variants receive Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC), Hill Start Assist (HAS), and at least
Although ABS has been around for years, many still do not understand how ABS actually works.
PS/250 Nm, paired to a 6-speed wet-type dual-clutch transmission.Safety features include the usual ABS
Perodua Axia models also received ABS in all variants except the ‘E’ after a facelift in
It also loses out on power-adjustable side mirrors, central locking, and crucially, there’s no ABS
What the fuck are these lights doing on, two weeks after my car was serviced?! 😤😤😤😤😤 ABS, VDC and Hill Start Assist. 😤😤 https://t.co/ljdEhSsRwq
What would cause ABS+VDC lights in 2009 Subaru Impreza? Restarting clears http://t.co/BVgCTwPKfA
GAWWHA THANK U FOR 3K FOLLOWERS ABSVDC i wanna do a giveaway or something but i might hold off til i move??? https://t.co/XIB48tHTBV
ABS PUMP AND MODULE WITH VDC FOR 2003 NISSAN MURANO AWD ORIGINAL https://t.co/TGUy3xYV1x eBay https://t.co/oLT9JTzXKy
@wildery nick, chris, grant and i are knowing all we ever wanted to know about abs and vdc and tcs
@mfitchett Prewarning 147 vdc / abs have a fault if its cold and wet ideal Italian car. When the going gets tough the tough switch off.
@corradokid "ABS, VDC, SRS. All of these safety features are something I call DP, Dynamic Protection." And it's not even 11:30 :)
Fresh on 9to6 Blog: I have a 2003 Infiniti G35 Sedan. Whan I start the car up, my ABS, Skid, and VDC indicator light... http://bit.ly/f4diBn
ABS, VDC off, trip light problem solved http://ping.fm/FFiMx
BRAKE, ABS, TRACTION CONTROL, VDC lights all ON: Just to share the story, I had all of those lights go on last Thu... http://bit.ly/dyeGsW
ESP consists mainly of three functions Vdc TCS Abs VDC : vehicle dynamics controller : controls the oversteering and under steering of the vehicle by automatically applying brakes on individual wheels while taking a turn. TCS: traction control system : controls the vehicle when there is a slippery surface like ice. It applies brake or reduces the engine power for slippery wheels and helps the vehicle to be on track and come out of slip smoothly ABS: Anti lock braking system, it applies and releases brake pressure on wheels continuously automatically when driver applied an emergency brake. By applying and releasing the brake pressure the wheels will not skid, stopping distance reduces, steerjng still be controlled.
There are many sections under ESV like ESA to ESF and ESP. All the departments work for the active safety ( ABS, ESP, TCS and VDC ) and for the passive safety (airbags etc.). RADAR, Night vision, drowsiness monitoring also comes under this department. Its a very good department as you are going to be responsible for the life of people including your near and dear ones.
Here is a list of common, note that is common, no exotic or esoteric polymers are included. There were too many for me to count. There is some duplication of polymer type where a particular brand of that polymer gets represented too, but it is likely enough the brand polymer is of a particular formulation. So could count as a separate polymer depending upon how rigorous you want to be. I got the list from a well known plastics raw material ditribution company called Distrupol Polymer abbreviations Below is a comprehensive list of abbreviations for common polymers: Abbreviation Chemical Name Trade names ABAK Acrylonitrile Butadiene Acrylate ABA Acrylonitrile Butadiene Acrylate ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene POLYLAC ABS LG ABS TOYOLAC ABS ABS / PVC Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene / Polyvinyl Chloride ABS + PUR Blend of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene and Polyurethane ACS Acrylonitrile Chlorinated Polyethylene Styrene AES Acrylonitrile Ethylene-Propylenediene Styrene AMA Acrylate Maleic Anhydride Terpolymer AMMA Acrylonitrile Methyl Methacrylate APO Amorphous Polyolefin AS Acrylonitrile Styrene ASA Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate KIBILAC ASA LG ASA ASA + PC Blend of Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate and Polycarbonate BMC Bulk Molding Compound BMI Bis Maleimide CA Cellulose Acetat CAB Cellulose Acetate Butyrate CAP Cellulose Acetate Proprionate CF Cresole-Formaldehyde CMC Carboxylmethyl Cellulose CN Cellulose Nitrate (Celluloid) COC Cycloolefin Copolymer COP Copolyester Thermoplastic Elastomer CP Cellulose Propionate CPE Chlorinated Polyethylene CPVC Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride CSF Casein-Formaldehyde CTA Cellulose Triacetate CTFE Chlorotrifluoroethylene DAP Diallyl Phthallate (Thermoset) EBA Ethylene Butylacetate ECTFE Ethylene Chlorotrifluorethylene EEAK Ethylene Ethylacrylate EMAA Ethylene Methacrylic Acid Copolymer EMA Ethylene Methacrylic Acid EP Ethylene Propylene ETFE Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene EVA Ethylene Vinylacetate ELVAX EVA GREENFLEX EVA EAA Ethylene Acrylic Acid Copolymer EC Ethyl Cellulose EMAC Ethylene Methyl Acrylate Copolymer ELVALOY ETHYLENE COPOLYMERS & MODIFIERS EnBA Ethylene n-Butyl Acetate ELVALOY ETHYLENE COPOLYMERS & MODIFIERS EPDM Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Rubber EPM Ethylene Propylene Copolymer Rubber EPR Ethylene Propylene Rubber EPS Expandable Polystyrene EVA Ethylene Vinyl Acetate GREENFLEX EVA ELVAX EVA EVOH Ethylene Vinylalcohol FEP Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene FF Furan-Formaldehyde FRP Fiber Reinforced Plastic GPPS General Purpose Polystyrene NIZH YUG PS HDPE High Density Polyethylene RIGIDEX HDPE ERACLENE HDPE SABIC HDPE TIPELIN HDPE SABIC VESTOLEN A HIPS High Impact Polystyrene NIZH YUG PS HMC High Strength Molding Compound HMWHDPE High Molecular Weight High Density Polyethylene ION Ionomer SURLYN IONOMER IPN Interpenetrating Polymer Network LCP Liquid Crystal Polymer LDPE Low Density Polyethylene INEOS LDPE RIBLENE LDPE BORSTAR POLYOLEFIN IPETHENE LDPE TIPOLEN LDPE SABIC LDPE LLDPE Linear Low Density Polyethylene INEOS LLDPE FLEXIRENE LLDPE CLEARFLEX LLDPE LPE Linear Polyethylene MA Maleic Anhydride MABS Methylmethacrylate Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene POLYLAC ABS LG ABS TOYOLAC ABS MBS Methacrylate Butadiene Styrene MC Methyl Cellulose MDPE Medium Density Polyethylene MF Melamine Formaldehyde MP Melamine Phenolic MPF Melamine Phenol-Formaldehyde NBR Nitrile Butadiene Rubber OSA Olefin Modified Styrene Acrylonitrile P Phenolic PA Polyamide (Nylon) ZYTEL PA MINLON PA AKROMID B PA / ABS Polyamide / Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene PA 11 Polyamide 11 PA 12 Polyamide 12 PA 46 Polyamide 46 PA 6 Polyamide 6 ZYTEL PA MINLON PA AKROMID B PA 6 / EVOH Polyamide 6 / Ethylene Vinylalcohol PA 6 / 12 Polyamide 6 / Polyamide 12 PA 6 / 66 Polyamide 6 / Polyamide 66 ZYTEL PA PA 6 / 69 Polyamide 6 / Polyamide 69 PA 6 / 6T Polyamide 6 / Polyamide 6t PA 610 Polyamide 610 AKROMID S PA 612 Polyamide 612 PA 6-3-T Polytrimethylene Hexamethylene Terephthalamide PA 66 Polyamide 66 ZYTEL PA MINLON PA AKROMID A PA 66 / 6 Polyamide 66 / Polyamide 6 ZYTEL PA PA 66 / 610 Polyamide 66 / Polyamide 610 PA 68 Polyamide 68 PA MXD6 Polyxylylene Adipamide PA + PPE Blend of Polyamide and Polyphenylene Ether PAA Polyarylamide PAA Polyacetic Acid PAEK Polyacryletherketone PAEK Polyaryletherketone PAI Polyamide-Imide PAK Polyester Alkyd PAL Polyanaline PAN Polyacrylonitrile PAR Polyarylate PARA Polyaryl Amide PAS Polyarylsulfone PASU Polyarylsulfone PB Polubutylene PBAK Polybutylacrylate PBAN Polybutadiene Acrylonitrile PBD Polybutadine PBI Polybenzimidazole PBN Polybutylene Napthalate PBS Polybutadiene Styrene PBT Polybutylene Terephthalate CRASTIN PBT TORAYCON PBT PBT + ASA Blend of Polybutylene Terephthalate and Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate PBT + PC Blend of Polybutylene Terephthalate and Polycarbonate PC Polycarbonate WONDERLITE PC PC / PBT Polycarbonate / Polybutylene Terephthalate PC / PET Polycarbonate / Polyethylene Terephthalate PC / ABS Polycarbonate / Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Blend WONDERLOY PC/ABS PCL Polycaprolactone PCT Polycyclohexylene Terephthallate PCTFE Polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene PCT-G Glycol Modified Polycyclohexyl Terephthallate PDAP Polydiallyl Phthalate PDCPD Polydicyclopentadiene PE Polyethylene INEOS EBA ELTEX MED INEOS mLLDPE INEOS LLDPE INEOS LDPE SABIC HDPE SABIC LDPE ERACLENE HDPE CLEARFLEX LLDPE FLEXIRENE LLDPE GREENFLEX EVA RIBLENE LDPE RIGIDEX HDPE BORSTAR POLYOLEFIN IPETHENE LDPE TIPELIN HDPE TIPOLEN LDPE BRALEN LDPE SABIC VESTOLEN A PHARMALENE MEDICAL PE PEBA Polyether Block Amide or Polyester Block Amide PE-C Chlorinated Polyethylene PEE Polyester Elastomer PEEK Polyetheretherketone PEEKK Polyetheretherketoneketone PEEST Polyetherester PEI Polyetherimide PEK Polyetherketone PEKEKK Polyetherketoneetherketoneketone PEKK Polyetherketoneketone PE-(LL / VL) D Linear Low-Density Polyethylene / Very Low-Density Polyethylene FLEXIRENE LLDPE CLEARFLEX LLDPE PEN Polyethylene Napthalene PEO Polyethylene Oxide PEOX Polyethyleneoxide PES Polyether Sulfone PEST Polyester PESTUR Polyesterurethane PET Polyethylene Terephthalate RYNITE PET PET-G Glycol Modified Polyethylene Terephthalate PEUR Polyether Urethane PE-X Crosslinked Polyethylene PF Phenol-Formaldehyde PFA Perfluoro Alkoxy Alkene Polymer PI Polyimide Or Polyisoprene PIB Polyisobutylene PIR Polyisocyanurate PK Polyketone AKROTEK PK PLA Poly Lactic Acid PMAN Polymethactylonitrile PMI Polymethacrylimide PMMA Polymethylmethacrylate (Acrylic) DIAKON PMMA ELVAKON PMMA PMMI Poly-N-Methyl Methacrylimide PMP Poly-4-Methylpentene-1 PMS Poly-Alpha-Methylstyrene PO Polyolefin POM Polyoxymethylene (Acetal) DELRIN POM PP Polypropylene INEOS PP ELTEX P POLYPROPYLENE SABIC PP ENTHOVEN RECYCLED PPC BIFFA r-PP COMPOUND SABIC VESTOLEN P TIPPLEN PP TIPPLEN PP TATREN PP PP + E / P Blend of Polypropylene and Ethylene / Propylene PP + EPDM Blend of Polypropylene and Polyethylene-Popylenediene SARLINK TPV AND TPE PP + NBR Blend of Polypropylene and Nitrile Butadiene Rubber PPA Polyphthalamide ZYTEL HTN AKROMID T PPC Chlorinated Polypropylene or Polyphthalate Carbonate PPE Polyphenylene Ether PPE + PA Blend of Polyphenylene Ether and Polyamide PPE + PS Blend of Polyphenylene Ether and Polystyrene PPE + SB Blend of Polyphenylene Ether and Styrene Butadiene PPI Polymeric Polyisocyanate PPO* Polyphenylene Oxide PPO* / PA Polyphenylene Oxide / Polyamide PPO* / PS Polyphenylene Oxide / Polystyrene PPOX Polypropylene Oxide PPS Polyphenylene Sulfide TORELINA PPS PPSU Polyphenylene Sulfone PPT Polypropylene Terephthalate PS Polystyrene PS / PPO Polystyrene / Polyphenylene Oxide PS + PE Blend of Polystyrene and Polyethylene PS-b-PI Polystyrene/Polyisoprene Block Copolymer PSO,PSU Polysulfone PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene PTMT Polytetramethylene Terephthalate PU,PUR Polyurethane PUR-S Polyurethane, Thermosetting PUR-T Polyurethane, Thermoplastic PVA Polyvinyl Alcohol (sometimes Polyvinyl Acetate) PVAC Polyvinyl Acetate PVAL Polyvinyl Alcohole PVB Polyvinyl Butyryl PVC Polyvinyl Chloride EVICOM PVC COMPOUNDS PVC + ABS Blend of Polyvinyl Chloride and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene PVCA Polyvinyl Chloride Acetate PVDA Polyvinylidene Acetate PVDC Polyvinylidene Chloride PVDF Polyvinylidene Fluoride PVF Polyvinyl Fluoride PVFM Polyvinyl Formal PVK Polyvinyl Carbazole PVOH Polyvinyl Alcohol PVP Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone SAN Styrene Acrylonitrile LG SAN KIBISAN SAN SBC Styrene Butadiene Copolymer KIBITON Q-RESIN SBR Styrene Butadiene Rubber SBS Styrene Butadiene Styrene Block Copolymer SEBS Styrene Ethylene Butylene Styrene Block Copolymer MEDIPRENE TPE DRYFLEX TPE MONPRENE TPE SEP Styrene Ethylene Propylene SI Silicone SIS Styrene Isoprene Styrene Block Copolymer SMA Styrene Maleic Anhydride Copolymer SMC Sheet Molding Compound SMMA Styrene Methyl Methacrylate SMS Styrene A-Methyl Styrene SP Saturated Polyester SVA Styrene Vinyl Acrylonitrile TEO Thermoplastic Elastic Olefin TMC Thick Molding Compound TPE Thermoplastic Elastomer MEDIPRENE TPE DRYFLEX TPE MONPRENE TPE MEDALIST TPE TPE-E Thermoplastic Elastomer HYTREL TPC-ET TPE-O, TPO Thermoplastic Elastomer, Olefinic TPE-S Thermoplastic Elastomer, Styrenic MEDIPRENE TPE DRYFLEX TPE MONPRENE TPE TPU Thermoplastic Urethane ELASTOLLAN TPU TPV Thermoplastic Vulcanites SARLINK TPV AND TPE UF Urea Formaldehylde UHMWPE Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene ULDPE Ultra Low Density Polyethylene CLEARFLEX LLDPE UP, UPE Unsaturated Polyester (Thermoset) VA Vinyl Acetate VAE Vinyl Acetate Ethylene VC / MMA Vinylchloride / Methyl Methacrylate VC / A Vinylchloride / Acetate VC / E Vinylchloride / Ethylene VC / E / MAK Vinylchloride / Ethylene / Methylacrylate VC / E / VAC Vinylchloride / Ethylene / Vinylacrylate VC / MAK Vinylchloride / Methylacrylate VC / OAK Vinylchloride / Octylacrylate VC / VAC Vinylchloride / Vinylacetate VC / VDC Vinylchloride / Vinylidene Chloride VLDPE Very Low Density Polyethylene CLEARFLEX LLDPE XLPE Crosslinkable Polyethylene
Can a car's electrical system be shorted by touching the battery cable to the frame? As usual, YES and NO. To save on copper costs, most vehicles will establish a common conductive path using the vehicle’s frame. One terminal of the battery will be connected to the vehicle frame with a rather heavy conductor. Prior to about 1960, positive terminal bonding (improperly called grounding) to the frame was common, but today, negative terminal bonding to the frame is almost universal. The important point is that the modern vehicle’s frame and the battery’s negative terminal are electrically connected on most current vehicles. If you somehow connect a vehicle’s negative battery cable to the frame (lets say it rubs a hole in its insulation against a frame member), both will be at the same electrical potential and no appreciable current will flow. However, if you allow the battery’s positive cable to contact the frame, there will be an approximate 12 VDC potential difference, and the load path resistance will be very low, resulting in hundreds of Amps flowing through that fault and circuit path. Expected results will be melting wires, a shower of sparks and molten metal, rapid heating of the battery (which can crack or explode) and possible transient pulses induced into the vehicle’s electrical buss (watch out engine control, transmission control, ABS computer, entertainment electronics and airbag controllers).
Jim Trainor is correct. “One or more bad wheel speed sensors or tone rings (which may be part of the wheel bearing), or an electrical problem.” The ABS (anti-lock braking system) uses a wheel speed sensor to determine if it is in a skid. The traction control and VDC (vehicle dynamic control) uses the same system of sensors to determine wheel slippage. The sensors and wiring are located in a very harsh environment and may be gummed up with rust particles from the brakes (the sensors are magnetic) or have a broken wire or corroded connection. The fix should start with a visual inspection of the sensor (located on the wheel hub, behind the brake rotor) and the wiring that runs along the strut, knuckle and hub. They’re about $120 USD for a new sensor and not very difficult to replace.
Subaru also disable Traction Control for some stupid reason during a check engine light as well. Now I can understand if the issue is an ABS sensor or a yaw sensor or some other sensor needed by the VDC system. But if you get a misfire, or a lean code. No traction control for you. Not the smartest ting to do when it comes to safety. One reason for the disabling of these systems is the network modules. When one gets a fault, they all store the same fault code.
In order for the given quadrilateral to be a parallelogram, the two diagonals’ mid-points ,E and F must merge to be one point,, i.e, ,the vector EF must be 0. ,Instead of writing “vector” every time in the process below, I will instead use the letter, ,v: v,AB +, v,BC =, v,AC … (1) v,DC +, v,CB = ,v,DB … (2) Subtract (1) from (2), you get: (,v,AB -, v,DC) + (,v,BC -, v,CB) =, v,AC -, v,DB 4, v,EF + (,v,BC +, v,BC) = 2 ,v,AE - 2 ,v,DF 4, v,EF + 2 ,v,BC = 2 vAE - 2 vDF ,and, 4 ,v,EF = 2 ,v,AE - 2 ,v,DF - 2, v,BC ,Divide by 2: 2 v,EF =, v,AE - ,v,DF - ,v,BC. Replace, v,AE ,with, ,v,EC ,and, ,v,DF ,with v,FB: 2 v,EF = ,v,EC - ,v,FB -, v,BC = (,v,EC + ,v,CB) - ,v,FB [Note that - ,v,BC = + ,v,CB] 2 v,EF = ,v,EB - ,v,FB = ,v,EB + ,v,BF =, v,BF ,and, 2 ,v,EF -, v,BF =, v,0 ,therefore, vEF = ,v,0 ,and as such, ABCD is a parallelogram.
Note: I previously worked on ESC (electronic stability control) systems at Bosch. The systems I worked on included ABS, TCS, and VDC functions (among others). This answer does not contain any trade secrets, intellectual property of Bosch, or anything like that. In short, it largely depends on the vehicle configuration. You will typically see vehicle speed being a weighted average of the wheel speeds, with some limits imposed. Any un-driven wheels will be typically have a larger weight associated with them while the vehicle is not braking. Some vehicles intentionally leave one rear wheel un-braked during ABS events so that the vehicle speed can be more accurately estimated (also for vehicle stability). Additionally, the ABS system typically has a longitudinal acceleration sensor (Ax - the 'x' direction being forward/backward from the driver's point of view) which is integrated and also plays a role in the estimated vehicle speed. Typically it is a small role, but it it does come into the estimation, especially in 4-wheel-drive or all-wheel-drive vehicles.