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Owner Review: The King of S-Class by Mercedes-Benz - My W140 Mercedes-Benz S600
** This article is the personal experience of a 1995 Mercedes-Benz S600 owner and does not necessarily
Live photos: 2020 Proton Saga Anniversary Edition, from RM 39,300
yellow highlights.It is also worth mentioning that the Saga Anniversary Edition is only available in Quartz
Spied: 2020 Mercedes-Benz GLB caught, Malaysia launch next?
The 2020 Mercedes-Benz GLB has been caught undisguised in Indonesia, hinting that the model will be launched
Volvo Cars welcomes ex-Mercedes-Benz designer
Volvo Cars welcomes former Mercedes-Benz designer Claudia Braun and former Facebook web designer Thomas
New insurance plans for your Mercedes-Benz vehicle
Mercedes-Benz Services Malaysia (MBSM) has three new protection plans for all Mercedes-Benz car owners
Mercedes-Benz CLA handles worse than a Kia Picanto?
control.The term was coined after Swedish car magazine Teknikens Varld flipped over a first-gen Mercedes-Benz
2021 Mercedes-Benz GLE 350de diesel PHEV launched in Thailand
Well, since the oil-burner isn’t that popular here, we will miss out on this 2021 Mercedes-Benz
Spied: All-new W206 Mercedes-Benz C-Class spotted without camouflage!
Seen here is a spyshot of the all-new (W206) Mercedes-Benz C-Class without any camouflage.
Price drop for 2020 Mercedes-Benz C300, no more Airmatic, RM 2k less
Mercedes-Benz Malaysia has dropped Airmatic Suspension from the 2020 Mercedes-Benz C300 AMG Line.
Spyshot: All-new Mercedes-Benz B-Class caught in Malaysia, launch soon?
The all-new third-generation Mercedes-Benz B-Class is expected to be launched in Malaysia soon, as we
No moratorium for Mercedes-Benz Malaysia's customers, but customers are OK with it
Mercedes-Benz Services Malaysia, the leasing and financing arm of Mercedes-Benz Malaysia, will not be
Mercedes-Benz tweeted a tease for the all-new Mercedes-Benz GLA
Mercedes-Benz is counting down the minutes to the world premier of the all-new Mercedes-Benz GLA with
Indonesia launches all-new 2021 V223 Mercedes-Benz S-Class ahead of Malaysia
PT Mercedes-Benz Distribution Indonesia (MBDI) has just introduced the all-new 2021 V223 (long wheelbase
2021 Mercedes-Benz CLS facelift at Shanghai Auto - this or the Audi A7?
Alongside the long-wheelbase Mercedes-Benz C-Class L, the 2021 Mercedes-Benz CLS facelift also made appearance
Mercedes-Benz Malaysia gets connected with Mercedes me services
Along with the launch of the Mercedes-Benz GLC and GLC Coupe, Mercedes-Benz Malaysia also launched the
2020 Mercedes-Benz C300 AMG Line drops Airmatic suspension
Mercedes-Benz Malaysia has quietly revised the specifications of the Mercedes-Benz C300 AMG Line.
Mercedes-Benz MBUX is the best out there, but..
Mercedes-Benz User Experience, or MBUX for short, is the company’s latest and greatest infotainment
Check out Mercedes-Benz Malaysia’s elaborate CNY video!
Mercedes-Benz Malaysia’s 30 second Chinese New Year video, titled World of CNY, might look like
400,000 Mercedes-Benz G-Class produced, electric G Wagon coming next
The Mercedes-Benz G-Class, or “G Wagon” has reached 400,000 units in production.
Proton Introduces Limited Edition X70 Merdeka Edition
X70 Merdeka Edition is based on the X70 Premium variant, but with the addition of these extra kit: Quartz
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How do the super rich spend their money?
1. Steve Cohen’s 14-Foot Preserved Shark Cost: $8 million to $12 million In 2004, billionaire hedge fund manager Steve Cohen bought what just might be the world’s most unique piece of contemporary art: a 14-foot tiger shark preserved with a combination of alcohol and formaldehyde. Originally purchased for $93,000 in 1992 by art mogul Charles Saatchi, Cohen bought the piece — officially called “The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living” — more than a decade later for an undisclosed amount, which New York magazine reported to be between $8 million and $12 million. 2. Mukesh Ambani’s Home Cost: $1 billion Mukesh Ambani inherited and controls an oil empire that has earned him an estimated net worth of about $43 billion. The Indian magnate used $1 billion of that fortune to build the most expensive home in his native country — and the entire world. According to Forbes, Ambani’s residence is a 27-story, 400,000-square-foot skyscraper that boasts three helicopter pads and six underground parking levels. Named after the mythical island of Antilla, its amenities reportedly include a ballroom, a 50-seat theater and nine elevators in the lobby alone. About 600 staff members are required to maintain Ambani’s mega-mansion. 3. Roman Abramovich’s Superyacht Cost: $1.2 billion Roman Abramovich owns world’s largest and most expensive yacht, the Eclipse. Launched in 2010, the Eclipse boasts 9 decks, a 16 meter long pool, a disco, 20 jet skis, 4 motorboats and 2 helipads. 4. Larry Ellison’s Hawaiian Island Cost: $300 million For ,the richest of the rich,, even the grandest mansion simply won’t do. For Oracle founder Larry Ellison, home is the Hawaiian island of Lanai, which he picked up in 2012 for a cool $300 million, according to CNBC. His tropical paradise includes 90,000 acres, two Four Seasons resorts and a town with a population of 3,200. Considering a stay in one of those resorts? You’ll certainly vacation in luxury, but it will cost you $21,000 a night. 5. Prince Alwaleed bin Talal’s Airbus A380 ‘Flying Palace’ Cost: At least $500 million Membership in the Saudi Royal Family’s inner circle certainly has its perks. Prince Alwaleed bin Talal, for example, already owned a $220 million Boeing 747-400 — but in his world, that’s small potatoes. In 2007, he paid $319 million for an A380 double-decker superjumbo jet — the world’s largest passenger aircraft. He ordered upgrades — including space for his horses and two Rolls Royce cars — that sent the sticker price soaring past $500 million. Before it was even ready, however, he sold his newest toy to an undisclosed buyer. 6. William Koch’s Billy the Kid Photo Cost: $2.3 million William Koch is one-half of the billionaire brother duo famous for their Koch Industries empire and their massive political influence — but he’s also a big-time buff of Wild West history. In 2011, he scooped up the gem of the genre when he paid $2.3 million for the world’s only authenticated photograph of legendary outlaw Billy the Kid. 7. Ken Griffin’s Pair of Paintings Cost: $500 million Ken Griffin, ,hedge fund billionaire,, is a known art aficionado, but the jewel of his collection is a pair of abstract impressionist paintings he bought at the same time at auction, one by Willem de Kooning and the other by Jackson Pollock. In total, he dropped half a billion dollars on the purchase, which the Chicago Tribune called “one of the largest private art deals ever.” 8. Bill Gates’ Scientific Scribbles by Leonardo Da Vinci Cost: $30 million Bill Gates and Leonardo da Vinci have a lot in common: They’re both math geniuses who also changed history. It’s only fitting, then, that the Microsoft founder would be interested in the musings of the original Renaissance man. In 1994, Gates spent $30.8 million to own the Codex Leicester, a 72-page manuscript that da Vinci compiled in the early 16th century, complete with the master polymath’s diagrams, writings, sketches and ideas for future inventions. 9. The Sultan of Brunei’s Car Collection Cost: $5 billion It’s good to be a sultan. Need proof? Just take a look at the collection of cars owned by the Sultan of Brunei, who rules a country smaller than the state of Delaware. His legendary fleet contains between 5,000 and 7,000 of the world’s rarest, finest, best performing and most expensive cars, which Top Speed values at a combined $5 billion — at least. Among the finest gems are 21 Lamborghinis, 452 Ferraris and 604 Rolls Royces, including the “Star of India,” a $14 million Rolls convertible that has the distinction of being ,the world’s most expensive car,. 10. Prince Hans Adam II’s Fancy Furniture Cost: $36 million In 2004, Prince Hans Adam II of the tiny nation of Liechtenstein dropped $36 million on a piece of furniture that you probably won’t find in Ikea. Dating to the 18th century, the Florentine ebony piece known as the Badminton Cabinet is adorned with precious stones like lapis lazuli, agate and amethyst quartz. When the prince bought the chest, the purchase broke its own record. The Badminton Cabinet was already the world’s priciest piece of furniture after selling for $16.59 million in 1990. 11. Jeff Bezos’ Newspaper Cost: $250 million The vaunted Washington Post, the paper that took down a presidency, was controlled locally by the Graham family for 80 years — until Jeff Bezos decided he wanted it. In 2013, the billionaire Amazon founder bought one of the world’s most influential publications for $250 million in what The Wall Street Journal called an “out-of-the-blue deal.” Three years later, Bezos seemed to confirm that assessment when he told Fortune that he “did no due diligence” and simply accepted the first number the seller proposed. 12. Maxim Viktorov’s Violin Cost: $3.9 million In 2008, one of the rarest instruments on earth played music for the first time in seven decades. The audience was what the Guardian called “the cream of Moscow society.” They were the guests of Maxim Viktorov, a wealthy lawyer, darling of Russia’s ruling class and avid violin collector. That night, a maestro played Viktorov’s new Guarneri del Gesu, one of the 150 only surviving violins made by Giuseppe Guarneri del Gesu during the 18th century. They are considered the only violins more prized than the remaining 600 masterpieces crafted by Antonio Stradivari. 13. Jocelyn Wildenstein’s Plastic Surgery Cost: $4 million In her prime, Swiss socialite Jocelyn Wildenstein hunted with a Saudi arms dealer, dated a European filmmaker, explored Africa and was awarded $2.5 billion in a historically epic divorce. Her true passion, however, is written all over her face — literally. Wildenstein is now in her 70s, and her bizarre and self-inflicted appearance is an often-cited cautionary tale about excessive and obsessive plastic surgery. According to the Mirror, Wildenstein spent $4 million throughout the course of her decadeslong physical transformation. 14. Elon Musk’s Car Submarine Cost: Roughly $1 million Tech billionaire Elon Musk is the mind behind the Hyperloop tunnel, so it stands to reason that his own method of personal transportation might be less than ordinary. In 2013, the Tesla and SpaceX founder became the proud owner of the Lotus Esprit submarine car from James Bond glory in “The Spy Who Loved Me.” According to the Guardian, Musk coughed up the equivalent of $997,000 for the pre-Transformers transformer, which was originally found in a storage shed that a random junk collector bought for $100 in 1989. 15. Carlos Slim’s Museum in Mexico Cost: $800 million There are two types of art collectors: Those who own art collections and those who own their own museums. With a net worth of $71.4 billion, telecom tycoon Carlos Slim is Mexico’s richest man. In 2011 he was the richest man in the world. That, according to NPR, is the year he opened the Museo Soumaya — an $800 million, six-story, metallic and windowless art museum — to showcase his legendary collection. In total, Slim owns more than 65,000 pieces, including some of Europe and Mexico’s most priceless works of art. 16. Clive Palmer’s Titanic Cost: $425 million to $567 million Some rich people settle for luxury yachts. But for Australian businessman and politician Clive Palmer, only the most famous ship in history will do. The Titanic, however, has been at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean since it sunk in 1912. Not easily swayed, Palmer commissioned “Titanic 2,” a nearly exact replica of the doomed nine-deck White Star Line ship — right down to the grand staircase featured in the 1997 movie, but updated for modern travel. Also important to note: “Titanic 2” has enough lifeboats for everyone on board. Some More Facts 17. It's a gold car Saudi billionaire Turki Bin Abdullah has a fleet of cars - Rolls-Royce Phantom Coupe, Mercedes jeep, Lamborghini Aventador SuperVeloce and gold Bentley. 18. Diamond ring? No, car Buying a luxurious Mercedes Benz is not enough for Prince Al Talal bin Abdulaziz, so he crusted some diamond all over the car for his 38th birthday. You read it right, that's a diamond studded car. Prince Waleed was charging people $1,000 to touch the car. 19. Incredible Collections III: Sultan of Brunei's Cars Among many, many other cars, the collection includes: over 600 Rolls Royce's over 570 Mercedes-Benz over 450 Ferrari's over 380 Bentley's over 200 BMW's over 170 Jaguars over 130 Koenigsegg sports cars. By ,Saransh
Is WordPress safe to use in an enterprise environment?
WordPress is safe. The question is more about how it is used. Would these businesses use WordPress if is is unsecure? BBC America Beyonce Bloomberg Professional The City University of New York Facebook Newsroom Flickr Blog Georgia State University Groupe Renault Harvard Gazette Onine The Herald Sun IBM Jobs Blog Marks & Spencer for Business Mercedes-Benz Microsoft News Center The Mozilla Blog MTV News The New York Times Company Ogilvy & Mather South Africa Quartz Reuters Blogs The Rolling Stones Rotary Means Business – Rotary Club SAP News Center Sony Music Sweden’s Official Website TechCrunch TED Blog Time Inc. Toyota Motors Brasil Vogue India The Wall Street Journal Law Blog The Walt Disney Company The White House WordPress.com I hope this will help you.
What does Europe bring to the world?
‘’Paper currency (7th century, China) Navigational compass (11th century, China) Firearms (12th century, China) Glasses (1280's, Italy) Mechanical clock (1335, Italy) Printing Press (c. 1440, Germany) Invented by Johannes Gutenberg. Viol (viola da gamba) and Cello (late 15th and 16th century, Italy) Pocket watch (1510, Germany) Invented by Peter Henlein. Violin (Early 16th century, Italy) Thermometer (1593-1714) 1593 : Invented by Galileo Galilei (Italy) 1714 : Mercury thermometer invented by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (Poland/Netherlands) Microscope (1595, Netherlands) Invented by Zacharias Janssen. Telescope late 11th century : astronomical lenses (Sweden) 13th century : experimental telescopes built by Francis Bacon (UK) 1595/1608 : refracting telescope (Netherlands) 1609 : improved by Galileo (Italy) Newspaper (1605, Belgium/France/Germany) The world's first printed newspapers were the Relation aller fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien published in Strasbourg (Germany at the time, now France), and the Nieuwe Tijdingen, published the same year in Antwerp (part of the Spanish Netherlands at the time, now Belgium). Calculator (1623-1954) 1623 : automatic calculator invented by Wilhelm Schickard (Germany) 1642 : adding machine invented by Blaise Pascal (France) 1954 : electronic calculator invented by IBM (USA) Barometer (1643, Italy) Invented by Evangelista Torricelli. Daily newspaper (1645, Germany) The Einkommende Zeitungen in Lepizing. Pendulum clock (1657, Netherlands) Invented by Christiaan Huygens. Pressure cooker (1679, France) Invented by Denis Papin. Postage stamps (1680, England) Adhesive stamp invented in 1840 in Britain Clarinet (1690, Germany) Invented by Johann Christoph Denner. Steam engine (1698, UK) Invented by Thomas Savery in 1698, and improved by James Watt in 1769. Piano (early 1700's, Italy) Invented by Bartolomeo Cristofori in Florence. Fire extinguisher (England, 1723) Patented in England in 1723 by Ambrose Godfrey. Magazine (England, 1731) The Gentleman's Magazine was the world's first general-interest magazine. Refrigerator (1748-1856, Scotland/USA) 1748 : first known method of artificial refrigeration was demonstrated by William Cullen (Scotland). 1805 : first refrigerator invented by Oliver Evans (USA). 1834 : first patent for a vapor-compression refrigeration system granted to Jacob Perkins (USA). 1842 : first system for refrigerating water to produce ice developed by John Gorrie (Scotland-USA). 1848 : first commercial vapor-compression refrigerator developed by Alexander Twining (USA). It was commercialised in 1856. Hot air balloon (France, 1782-83) Invented by the brothers Josef and Etienne Montgolfier. Parachute (France/Germany/Russia) 1785 : first modern parachute invented by Jean Pierre Blanchard (France). 1890's : Hermann Lattemann and his wife Käthe Paulus jump with bagged parachutes (Germany). 1911 : knapsack parachute invented by Gleb Kotelnikov (Russia). Steam boat (1786, USA) First built by John Fitch. Engine (1791-1939) 1791 : Gas turbine patented by John Barber (England). 1826 : Reciprocating internal combustion engine patented by Samuel Morey (USA) 1867 : Petrol engine developed by Nikolaus Otto (Germany) 1892 : Diesel engine invented by Rudolph Diesel (Germany) 1924-57 : Rotary engine developed by Felix Wankel (Germany) 1936-39 : Jet engine developed simultaneously by Frank Whittle (England) and Hans von Ohain (Germany). Submarine (1800, USA/France) Invented by American Robert Fulton commissioned by Napoleon. First launched in France. Ambulance service (early 1800's, France) Modern method of army surgery, field hospitals and the system of army ambulance corps invented by Dominique Jean Larrey, surgeon-in-chief of the Napoleonic armies. Locomotive (1804, UK) Invented by Richard Trevithick. First Steam Locomotive invented by George Stephenson in 1814. Railway (1820, UK) The idea of the railway dates back to Roman times, 2000 years ago, when horse-drawn vehicles were set on cut-stone tracks. In 1802, the first modern horse-drawn train appeared in England, and the first steam powered train was however launched in 1820, also in England. Comic strips (1820's, Switzerland) Swiss Rodolphe Toepffer was probably the first modern cartoonist. Photography (1825-1861) 1825 : First photograph (France) 1840 : Silver photo (France) 1840 : Negative (UK) 1861 : Colour photography invented by James Clerk Maxwell (Scotland) Gas stove/cooker (1826, England) First patented and manufactured by James Sharp. Lawn mower (1827, England) Invented by Edwin Beard Budding. Tramway (1828-1880) 1828 : first horse-drawn carriage on rail in Baltimore (USA). 1868 : first cable-car in New York (USA). 1873 : first steam-powered tram. 1880 : first electric tram in St. Petersburg (Russia) and the next year in Berlin (Germany). Light bulb (1835, UK/Germany) 1835 : first Incandescent light bulb invented by James Bowman Lindsay (UK). 1854 : first practical light bulb invented by Heinrich Goebel (Germany). Saxophone (1840's, Belgium) Invented by Adolphe Sax. Telegraph (1844, USA) Invented by Samuel Morse. Telephone (1849, Italy) The invention of the telephone has long been credited to the Scot Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. However, the Italian Antonio Meucci is now recognised to have invented the device as early as 1849. Dishwasher (1850-1886, USA) Steam-powered airship (1852, France) Invented by Henri Giffard. Helicopter (1861, France) The earliest flying toys resembling the principle of a helicopter first appeared in China around 400 BCE. More advanced models were developed in Russia and France in the second half of the 18th century. The first small steam-powered model was invented by Gustave de Ponton d'Amécourt, who also coined the word "helicopter". New models were developed mainly in France, notably by Emmanuel Dieuaide in 1877, Dandrieux in 1878, Jacques and Louis Breguet in 1906, or Paul Cornu in 1907. The first turbine-powered helicopter in the world was not built until 1951, in the USA. Metro/Subway (1863, Britain) The London Underground was the first rapid transit network in the world. Vacuum cleaner (1865, USA) Dynamite (1866, Sweden) Invented by Alfred Nobel. Wrist watch (1868, Switzerland => Patek Philippe & Co.) Radio (1874-96) 1874 : Radio waves identified by by James Clerk Maxwell (Scotland). 1875 : Thomas Edison patents electrostatic coupling system (USA). 1895 : first radio receiver developed by Alexander Stepanovich Popov (Russia). 1895 : first successful radio transmission acheived by Guglielmo Marconi (Italy/UK). Commercial radio patented the next year. Loudspeaker (1876, Scotland) Invented by Alexander Graham Bell. Phonograph (1877, USA) Invented by Thomas Alva Edison, although based on France-born Leon Scott's 1857 phonautograph. Microphone (1877, Germany) Invented by Emil Berliner. Cash register (1879, USA) Invented by James Ritty. Television (1884-1927) First TV => 1884, Germany TV tube => 1907, Russia Electronic TV & Broadcast => 1927, USA Motorcycle (1885, Germany) First designed and built by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach Car/Automobile (1886, Germany) Developed independently and simultaneously by Carl Benz in Mannheim, amd Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Stuttgart. Zipper (1891, USA) Invented by Whitcomb L. Judson. Animation (1892, France) First animated film created by Emile Reynaud. Tractor (1892, USA) first practical gasoline-powered tractor built by John Froelich in 1892. irst practical caterpillar tracks for use in tractors developed by Benjamin Holt in 1904. Cinema (1894, France) Cinematograph invented by the Lumiere brothers. Electric stove/cooker (1896, USA) First patented by William S. Hadaway. Remote control (1898, Austria-Hungary) First developed in 1893 by Nikola Tesla. Air Conditioner (1902, USA) Invented by Willis Carrier. Traffic lights (1914, USA) Parking meter (1935, USA) Helicopter (1939, Russia) Developed by Igor Sikorsky. Microwave oven (1947, USA) Invented by Percy Spencer. Atomic clock (1949, USA) Charge/credit card (1950, USA => Diner's Club) Video Games (1951-58, USA/UK) Invention disputed between 3 people, 2 Americans and a Briton. Laserdisk (1958, USA; commercialised by MCA and Philips in 1972) Photocopier (1959, USA => Xerox) Soft contact lenses (1961, Czech) Invented by Otto Wichterle. Cassette tape (1967, Netherlands => Philips) LCD screen (1968, Germany) Quartz watch (1969, Japan => Seiko) Video tape (1972, Netherlands - Philips, later replaced by JVC's VHS) Walkman (1977, Germany => commercialised by the Japanese Sony from 1979) Compact Disk (1982, Netherlands/Germany - Philips) CD-ROM (1985, Netherlands/Japan => Philips/Sony) Minidisk (1991, Japan => Sony)’’ (source eupedia) Huge proportion of these inventions are made in Europe, enough said
What was the first scientific invention by humans?
Inventions don't generally happen by accident or in a random order: science and technology progress in a very logical way, with each new discovery leading on from the last. You can see that in our mini chronology of invention, below. Date Invention or discovery Articles on Explain that stuff Prehistory 4–5 billion years ago Sun starts to produce energy. Solar cells, ,Energy ~3.5 million years ago Humans make the first tools from stone, wood, antlers, and bones. Tools and machines 1–2 million years ago Humans discover fire. Biofuels, ,Candles, ,Car engines, ,Jet engines 10,000 BCE Earliest boats are constructed. Ships and boats 8000– 9000 BCE Beginnings of human settlements and agriculture. Biofuels, ,Water 6000– 7000 BCE Hand-made bricks first used for construction in the Middle East. Brick, (ceramics) Ancient times 4000 BCE Iron used for the first time in decorative ornaments. Iron and steel 3500– 5000 BCE Glass is made by people for the first time. Glass 3500 BCE Humans invent the wheel. Tools and machines, ,Wheels and axles 3000 BCE First written languages are developed by the Sumerian people of southern Mesopotamia (part of modern Iraq). Digital pens, ,Typewriters ~2500 BCE Ancient Egyptians produce papyrus, a crude early version of paper. Paper 3000– 600BCE Bronze Age: Widespread use of copper and its important alloy bronze. Copper, ,Alloys, ,Metals 2000 BCE Water-raising and irrigation devices like the shaduf (shadoof), invented by the Ancient Egyptians, introduce the idea of lifting things using counterweights. Elevators, ,Tools and machines, ,Water c1700 BCE Semites of the Mediterranean develop the alphabet. Digital pens 1000 BCE Iron Age begins: iron is widely used for making tools and weapons in many parts of the world. Iron and steel 600 BCE Thales of Miletus discovers static electricity. Electricity, ,Static electricity 500BCE– 900CE Nazca people of Peru are believed to have experimented with balloon flight. Hot-air balloons 400BCE– 300BCE Chinese experiment with flying kites. Airplanes ~250 BCE Ancient Egyptians invent lighthouses, including the huge Lighthouse of Alexandria. Fresnel lenses ~300– 200 BCE Chinese invent early magnetic direction finders. Compasses ~250 BCE Archimedes invents the screw pump for moving water and other materials. Tools and machines c.150– 100 BCE Gear-driven, precision clockwork machines (such as the Antikythera mechanism) are in existence. Clockwork c.50 BCE Roman engineer Vitruvius perfects the modern, vertical water wheel. Turbines 62 CE Hero of Alexandria, a Greek scientist, pioneers steam power. Steam engines 105 CE Ts'ai Lun makes the first paper in China. Paper 27 BCE–395 CE Romans develop the first, basic concrete called pozzolana. Steel and concrete Middle Ages ~600 CE Windmills are invented in the Middle East. Wind turbines 700–900 CE Chinese invent gunpowder and fireworks. Bullets, ,Fireworks, ,Space rockets 800–1300 CE Thanks to inventors such as the Banū Mūsā brothers and al-Jazari, the Islamic "Golden Age" sees the development of a wide range of technologies, including ingenious clocks and feedback mechanisms that are the ancestors of modern automated factory machines. Clockwork, ,Cams and cranks, ,Robots 1000 CE ?? Chinese develop eyeglasses by fixing lenses to frames that fit onto people's faces. Lenses 1206 Arabic engineer al-Jazari invents a flushing hand-washing machine, one of the ancestors of the modern toilet. Toilets 1232 CE Chinese repel Mongol invaders using early rockets. Space rockets 1450 Johannes Gutenberg pioneers the modern printing press, using rearrangeable metal letters called movable type. Printing 1470s The first parachute is sketched on paper by an unknown inventor. Parachutes 16th century 1530s Gerardus Mercator helps to revolutionize navigation with better mapmaking. Satellite navigation 1590 A Dutch spectacle maker named Zacharias Janssen makes the first compound microscope. Microscopes, ,Electron microscopes 1596 Sir John Harington describes one of the first modern flush toilets. Toilets 17th century ~1600 Galileo Galilei designs a basic thermometer. Thermometer 1600 William Gilbert publishes his great book De Magnete describing how Earth behaves like a giant magnet. It's the beginning of the scientific study of magnetism. Magnetism 1609 Galileo Galilei builds a practical telescope and makes new astronomical discoveries. Space telescopes mid-17th century Antoni van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke independently develop microscopes. Microscopes, ,Electron microscopes 1643 Galileo's pupil Evangelista Torricelli builds the first mercury barometer for measuring air pressure. Barometers 1650s Christiaan Huygens develops the pendulum clock (using Galileo's earlier discovery that a swinging pendulum can be used to keep time). Pendulum clocks 1687 Isaac Newton formulates his three laws of motion. Motion 1700s Bartolomeo Cristofori invents the piano. Pianos 18th century 1701 English farmer Jethro Tull begins the mechanization of agriculture by inventing the horse-drawn seed drill. Tractors 1703 Gottfried Leibniz pioneers the binary number system now used in virtually all computers. How computers work, History of computers 1712 Thomas Newcomen builds the first practical (but stationary) steam engine. Steam engines 1700s Christiaan Huygens conceives the internal combustion engine, but never actually builds one. Car engines 1737 William Champion develops a commercially viable process for extracting zinc on a large scale. Metals 1757 John Campbell invents the sextant, an improved navigational device that enables sailors to measure latitude. Satellite navigation 1730s– 1770s John Harrison develops reliable chronometers (seafaring clocks) that allow sailors to measure longitude accurately for the first time. Quartz clocks and watches, ,Satellite navigation 1756 Axel Cronstedt notices steam when he boils a rock—and discovers zeolites. Zeolites 1769 Wolfgang von Kempelen develops a mechanical speaking machine: the world's first speech synthesizer. Speech synthesizers 1770s Abraham Darby III builds a pioneering iron bridge at a place now called Ironbridge in England. Bridges ~1780 Josiah Wedgwood (or Thomas Massey) invents the pyrometer. Pyrometers 1783 French Brothers Joseph-Michel Montgolfier and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier make the first practical hot-air balloon. Hot-air balloons 1791 Reverend William Gregor, a British clergyman and amateur geologist, discovers a mysterious mineral that he calls menachite. Four years later, Martin Klaproth gives it its modern name, titanium. Titanium 19th century 1800 Italian Alessandro Volta makes the first battery (known as a Voltaic pile). Electricity, ,Batteries 1801 Joseph-Marie Jacquard invents the automated cloth-weaving loom. The punched cards it uses to store patterns help to inspire programmable computers. History of computers 1803 Henry and Sealy Fourdrinier develop the papermaking machine. Paper 1806 Humphry Davy develops electrolysis into an important chemical technique and uses it to identify a number of new elements. Electrolyzers 1806 Sir William Congreve develops long-range military rockets, based on an earlier Indian technology known as the Mysore rocket. Space rockets 1807 Humphry Davy develops the electric arc lamp. Xenon lamps 1814 George Stephenson builds the first practical steam locomotive. Steam engines 1816 Robert Stirling invents the efficient Stirling engine. Stirling engines 1820s– 1830s Michael Faraday builds primitive electric generators and motors. Electricity generators, ,Electric motors, ,Hub motors 1827 Joseph Niepce makes the first modern photograph. Photography, ,Digital cameras 1830s William Sturgeon develops the first practical electric motor. Electric motors, ,Hub motors 1830s Louis Daguerre invents a practical method of taking pin-sharp photographs called Daguerreotypes. Digital cameras, ,Photography 1830s William Henry Fox Talbot develops a way of making and printing photographs using reverse images called negatives. Digital cameras, ,Photography 1830s– 1840s Charles Wheatstone and William Cooke, in England, and Samuel Morse, in the United States, develop the electric telegraph (a forerunner of the telephone). Telephones 1836 Englishman Francis Petit-Smith and Swedish-American John Ericsson independently develop propellers with blades for ships. Propellers 1839 Charles Goodyear finally perfects a durable form of rubber (vulcanized rubber) after many years of unsuccessful experimenting. Rubber 1840s Scottish physicist James Prescott Joule outlines the theory of the ,conservation of energy,. Energy, ,Great physics experiments 1840s Scotsman Alexander Bain invents a primitive fax machine based on chemical technology. Fax machines 1849 James Francis invents a water turbine now used in many of the world's hydropower plants. Turbines, ,Water 1850s Henry Bessemer pioneers a new method of making steel in large quantities. Iron and steel 1850s Louis Pasteur develops pasteurization: a way of preserving food by heating it to kill off bacteria. Pasteurization 1850s Italian Giovanni Caselli develops a mechanical fax machine called the pantelegraph. Fax machines 1860s Frenchman Étienne Lenoir and German Nikolaus Otto pioneer the internal combustion engine. Car engines, ,Cars, history of 1860s James Clerk Maxwell figures out that radio waves must exist and sets out basic laws of electromagnetism. Radio 1860s Fire extinguishers are invented. Fire extinguisher 1861 Elisha Graves Otis invents the elevator with built-in safety brake. Elevators 1867 Joseph Monier invents reinforced concrete. Reinforced concrete 1868 Christopher Latham Sholes invents the modern typewriter and QWERTY keyboard. Typewriters 1871 Frank Wenham, a British aeronautical engineer, invents the wind tunnel. Wind tunnels, ,Aerodynamics 1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone, though the true ownership of the invention remains controversial even today. Telephones 1870s Thomas Edison develops the phonograph, the first practical method of recording and playing back sound on metal foil. CD players, ,MP3 players 1870s Lester Pelton invents a useful new kind of water turbine known as a Pelton wheel. Turbines 1877 Thomas Edison invents his sound-recording machine or phonograph—a forerunner of the record player and CD player. Record players, ,Sound 1877 Edward Very invents the flare gun (Very pistol) for sending distress flares at sea. Flares 1880 Thomas Edison patents the modern incandescent electric lamp. Incandescent lamps 1880 Pierre and Paul-Jacques Curie discover the piezoelectric effect. Piezoelectricity 1880s Thomas Edison opens the world's first power plants. Power plants 1880s Charles Chamberland invents the autoclave (steam sterilizing machine). Autoclaves 1880s Charles and Julia Hall and Paul Heroult independently develop an affordable way of making aluminum. Aluminum 1880s Carrie Everson invents new ways of mining silver, gold, and copper. Copper 1881 Jacques d'Arsonval suggests heat energy could be extracted from the oceans. OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) 1883 George Eastman invents plastic photographic film. Digital cameras, ,Plastics 1884 Charles Parsons develops the steam turbine. Steam turbines, ,Turbines 1885 Karl Benz builds a gasoline-engined car. Car engines 1886 Josephine Cochran invents the dishwasher. Dishwashers 1888 Friedrich Reinitzer discovers liquid crystals. LCD screens and displays 1888 John Boyd Dunlop patents air-filled (pneumatic) tires. Pneumatics 1888 Nikola Tesla patents the alternating current (AC) electric induction motor and, in opposition to Thomas Edison, becomes a staunch advocate of AC power. Electricity, ,Electric motors, ,Induction motors, ,Power plants 1899 Everett F. Morse invents the optical pyrometer for measuring temperatures at a safe distance. Pyrometers 1890s French brothers Joseph and Louis Lumiere invent movie projectors and open the first movie theater. Projection TV 1890s German engineer Rudolf Diesel develops his diesel engine—a more efficient internal combustion engine without a sparking plug. Diesel engines 1890s Russian Konstantin Tsiolkovsky figures out the theory of space rockets. Space rockets 1894 Physicist Sir Oliver Lodge sends the first ever message by radio wave in Oxford, England. Radio 1895 German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen discovers X rays. X rays 1895 American Ogden Bolton, Jr. invents the electric bicycle. Electric bikes 1898 Nikola Tesla invents remote, radio control. Remote control 20th century 1901 Guglielmo Marconi sends radio-wave signals across the Atlantic Ocean from England to Canada Radio 1901 The first electric vacuum cleaner is developed. Vacuum cleaners 1903 Brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright build the first engine-powered airplane. Airplanes, ,Jet engines 1905 Albert Einstein explains the photoelectric effect. Photoelectric cells 1905 Samuel J. Bens invents the chainsaw. Chainsaws 1906 Willis Carrier pioneers the air conditioner. Air conditioners 1906 Mikhail Tswett discovers chromatography. Chromatography 1907 Leo Baekeland develops Bakelite, the first popular synthetic plastic. Plastics 1907 Alva Fisher invents the electric clothes washer. Clothes washer 1906-8 Frederick Gardner Cottrell develops the electrostatic smoke precipitator (smokestack pollution scrubber). Air pollution, ,Electrostatic smoke precipitators 1908 American industrialist and engineer Henry Ford launches the Ford Model T, the world's first truly affordable car. Car engines, ,Cars, history of 1909 German chemists Fritz Haber and Zygmunt Klemensiewicz develop the glass electrode, enabling very precise measurements of acidity. pH meters 1910 Romanian-born Henri-Marie Coandă builds a simple jet plane, but it never actually flies. Jet engines 1912 American chemist Gilbert Lewis describes the basic chemistry that leads to practical, lithium-ion rechargeable batteries (though they don't appear in a practical, commercial form until the 1990s). Lithium-ion batteries 1912 Hans Geiger develops the Geiger counter, a detector for radioactivity. Geiger counters 1916 Robert Hutchings Goddard, an American physicist, publishes influential ideas on building space rockets. Space rockets 1919 Francis Aston pioneers the mass spectrometer and uses it to discover many isotopes. Mass spectrometers 1920s John Logie Baird develops mechanical television. Television, ,LCD TV 1920s Philo T. Farnsworth invents modern electronic television. Television, ,LCD TV 1920s Robert H. Goddard develops the principle of the modern, liquid-fueled space rocket. Bullets, ,Space rockets 1920s German engineer Gustav Tauschek and American Paul Handel independently develop primitive optical character recognition (OCR) scanning systems. OCR 1920s Albert W. Hull invents the magnetron, a device that can generate microwaves from electricity. Magnetrons, ,Microwave ovens 1921 Karel Capek and his brother coin the word "robot" in a play about artificial humans. Robots 1921 John Larson develops the polygraph ("lie detector") machine. Forensic science 1928 Thomas Midgley, Jr. invents coolant chemicals for air conditioners and refrigerators. Air conditioners, ,Refrigerators 1928 The electric refrigerator is invented. Refrigerators 1920s– 1930s Frank Whittle of England and Hans Pabst von Ohain of Germany develop rival jet engines. Jet engine 1930s Peter Goldmark pioneers color television. Television, ,LCD TV 1930s Laszlo and Georg Biro pioneer the modern ballpoint pen. Digital pens 1930s Maria Telkes creates the first solar-powered house. Passive solar, ,Solar cells 1930s Wallace Carothers develops neoprene (synthetic rubber used in wetsuits) and nylon, the first popular synthetic clothing material. Kevlar, ,Nomex, ,Nylon, ,Wetsuits 1930s Robert Watson Watt oversees the development of radar. Radar 1930s Arnold Beckman develops the electronic pH meter. pH meters 1931 Harold E. Edgerton invents the xenon flash lamp for high-speed photography. Xenon lamps 1932 Arne Olander discovers the shape memory effect in a gold-cadmium alloy. Shape memory alloys 1936 W.B. Elwood invents the magnetic reed switch. Reed switches 1938 Chester Carlson invents the principle of photocopying (xerography). Photocopiers 1938 Roy Plunkett accidentally invents a nonstick plastic coating called Teflon. Gore-Tex, ,Nonstick pans 1939 Igor Sikorsky builds the first truly practical helicopter. Helicopters 1940s English physicists John Randall and Harry Boot develop a compact magnetron for use in airplane radar navigation systems. Magnetrons, ,Radar 1942 Enrico Fermi builds the first nuclear chain reactor at the University of Chicago. Nuclear power 1945 US government scientist Vannevar Bush proposes a kind of desk-sized memory store called Memex, which has some of the features later incorporated into electronic books and the World Wide Web (WWW). Electronic books, ,World Wide Web 1945 Arthur C. Clarke conceives the idea of the communications satellite, a space-based signal "mirror" that can bounce radio waves from one side of Earth to the other. Satellites 1947 John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley invent the transistor, which allows electronic equipment to made much smaller and leads to the modern computer revolution. Amplifiers, ,Electronics, ,History of computers, ,Transistors 1949 Bernard Silver and N. Joseph Woodland patent barcodes—striped patterns that are initially developed for marking products in grocery stores. Barcodes and barcode scanners 1950s Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow invent the maser (microwave laser). Gordon Gould coins the word "laser" and builds the first optical laser in 1958. Lasers 1950s Stanford Ovshinksy develops various technologies that make renewable energy more practical, including practical solar cells and improved rechargeable batteries. Batteries, ,Electric bicycles, ,Electric cars, ,Solar cells 1950s European bus companies experiment with using flywheels as regenerative brakes Flywheels 1950s Percy Spencer accidentally discovers how to cook with microwaves, inadvertently inventing the microwave oven. Microwave ovens 1954 Indian physicist Narinder Kapany pioneers fiber optics. Fiber optics, ,Endoscopes 1955 US electrical engineer Eugene Polley invents the TV remote control. Remote control 1956 First commercial nuclear power is produced at Calder Hall, Cumbria, England. Nuclear power plants 1957 Soviet Union (Russia and her allies) launch the Sputnik space satellite. Satellites 1957 Lawrence Curtiss, Basil Hirschowitz, and Wilbur Peters build the first fiber-optic gastroscope. Endoscopes 1958 Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce, working independently, develop the integrated circuit. History of computers, ,integrated circuits, ,Transistors 1959 IBM and General Motors develop Design Augmented by Computers-1 (DAC-1), the first computer-aided design (CAD) system. Computer graphics 1960s Joseph-Armand Bombardier perfects his Ski-Doo® snowmobile. Snowmobiles 1960 Theodore Maiman invents the ruby laser. Lasers 1962 William Armistead and S. Donald Stookey of Corning Glass Works invent light-sensitive (photochromic) glass. Photochromic lenses 1962 Nick Holonyak invents the LED (light-emitting diode) while working at General Electric. Diodes and LEDs 1963 Ivan Sutherland develops Sketchpad, one of the first computer-aided design programs. Computer graphics 1964 IBM helps to pioneer e-commerce with an airline ticket reservation system called SABRE. E-commerce 1965 Frank Pantridge develops the portable defibrillator for treating cardiac arrest patients. Defibrillators 1966 Stephanie Kwolek patents a super-strong plastic called Kevlar. Kevlar 1966 Robert H. Dennard of IBM invents dynamic random access memory (DRAM). Computer memory 1967 Japanese company Noritake invents the vacuum fluorescent display (VFD). Vacuum fluorescent displays 1968 Alfred Y. Cho and John R. Arthur, Jr invent a precise way of making single crystals called molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Molecular beam epitaxy 1969 World's first solar power station opened in France. Solar cells, ,Energy 1969 Long before computers become portable, Alan Kay imagines building an electronic book, which he nicknames the Dynabook. Electronic books 1969 Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith invent the CCD (charge-coupled device): the light-sensitive chip used in digital cameras, webcams, and other modern optical equipment. CCDs, ,Digital cameras 1969 Astronauts walk on the Moon. Space rockets 1960s Douglas Engelbart develops the computer mouse. Computer mouse 1960s James Russell invents compact discs. CD players 1971 Electronic ink is pioneered by Nick Sheridon at Xerox PARC. Electronic ink and paper 1971 Ted Hoff builds the first single-chip computer or microprocessor. History of computers 1973 Martin Cooper develops the first handheld cellphone (mobile phone). Cellphones 1973 Robert Metcalfe figures out a simple way of linking computers together that he names Ethernet. Most computers hooked up to the Internet now use it. Computer networks, ,Internet 1974 First grocery-store purchase of an item coded with a barcode. Barcodes and barcode scanners 1975 Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman invent public-key cryptography. Encryption 1975 Pico Electronics develops X-10 home automation system. Smart homes 1976 Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs launch the Apple I: one of the world's first personal home computers History of computers 1970s– 1980s James Dyson invents the bagless, cyclonic vacuum cleaner. Vacuum cleaners 1970s– 1980s Scientists including Charles Bennett, Paul Benioff, Richard Feynman, and David Deutsch sketch out how quantum computers might work. Quantum computers 1980s Japanese electrical pioneer Akio Morita develops the Sony Walkman, the first truly portable player for recorded music. CD players, ,MP3 players 1981 Stung by Apple's success, IBM releases its own affordable personal computer (PC). History of computers 1981 The Space Shuttle makes its maiden voyage. Space Shuttle 1981 Patricia Bath develops laser eye surgery for removing cataracts. Lasers 1981 Fujio Masuoka files a patent for flash memory—a type of reusable computer memory that can store information even when the power is off. Flash memory 1981– 1982 Alexei Ekimov and Louis E. Brus (independently) discover quantum dots. Quantum dots 1983 Compact discs (CDs) are launched as a new way to store music by the Sony and Philips corporations. CD players 1987 Larry Hornbeck, working at Texas Instruments, develops DLP® projection—now used in many projection TV systems. DLP® projectors 1989 Tim Berners-Lee invents the World Wide Web. Internet, ,World Wide Web 1990 German watchmaking company Junghans introduces the MEGA 1, believed to be the world's first radio-controlled wristwatch. Radio-controlled clocks, ,Quartz clocks and watches 1991 Linus Torvalds creates the first version of Linux, a collaboratively written computer operating system. Computers, ,Linux 1994 American-born mathematician John Daugman perfects the mathematics that make iris scanning systems possible. Iris scans 1994 Israeli computer scientists Alon Cohen and Lior Haramaty invent VoIP for sending telephone calls over the Internet. VoIP 1995 Yahoo, becomes one of the world's first online radio stations. Streaming media 1995 Pierre Omidyar launches the eBay auction website. E-commerce 1996 WRAL-HD broadcasts the first high-definition television (HDTV) signal in the United States. HDTV 1997 Electronics companies agree to make Wi-Fi a worldwide standard for wireless Internet. Wireless Internet 21st century 2001 Apple revolutionizes music listening by unveiling its iPod MP3 music player. MP3 players 2001 Richard Palmer develops energy-absorbing D3O plastic. Energy-absorbing materials 2001 The Wikipedia online encyclopedia is founded by Larry Sanger and Jimmy Wales. Electronic books 2001 Bram Cohen develops BitTorrent file-sharing. BitTorrent, ,Internet 2001 Scott White, Nancy Sottos, and colleagues develop self-healing materials. Self-healing materials 2002 iRobot Corporation releases the first version of its Roomba® vacuum cleaning robot. Roomba, ,Robots 2004 Electronic voting plays a major part in a controversial US Presidential Election. Touchscreens 2004 Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov discover graphene. Graphene 2005 A pioneering low-cost laptop for developing countries called OLPC is announced by MIT computing pioneer Nicholas Negroponte. Computers 2007 Online Shopping for Electronics, Apparel, Computers, Books, DVDs & more, launches its Kindle electronic book (e-book) reader. Electronic books 2007 Apple introduces a touchscreen cellphone called the iPhone. Cellphones, ,Touchscreens 2010 Apple releases its touchscreen tablet computer, the iPad. Computers, ,Touchscreens 2010 3D TV starts to become more widely available. 3D Television, ,Television 2013 Elon Musk announces "hyperloop"—a giant, pneumatic tube transport system. Pneumatics, ,Pneumatic transport tube 2015 Supercomputers (the world's fastest computers) are now a mere 30 times less powerful than human brains. Supercomputers 2016 Three nanotechnologists win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for building miniature machines out of molecules. Nanotechnology 2019 Google claims to have achieved "quantum supremacy"—with a quantum computer that calculates faster than a conventional one. Quantum computers
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